Conditional Sentences

Conditional (Kalimat Pengandaian) menjelaskan bahwa sebuah kegiatan bertentangan dengan kegiatan yang lain. Conditional yang paling umum adalah Real Conditonal dan Unreal Conditonal, kadang-kadang disebut juga if-clauses.

Real Conditional (sering juga disebut juga dengan Conditional Tipe I) yang menggambarkan tentang mengandai-andai sesuai dengan fakta.

Unreal Conditional (sering juga disebut sebagai Conditional Tipe II) yang menggambarkan tentang pengandaian yang tidak nyata atau berimajinasi.

Ada juga Conditional yang ke-3 yang sering disebut dengan Conditional Tipe III, digunakan sebagai penyesalan yang terjadi di masa lampau dan zero conditional, digunakan untuk mengekspresikan sesuatu yang sudah pasti benar.

Catatan: Jika klausa "if" diletakkan di awal kalimat, kita harus menggunakan “koma”. Sebaliknya jika klausa "if" berada di belakang, maka tidak perlu ada koma

Zero Conditional

Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan kebenaran umum. Tense yang digunakan biasanya Present Simple Tense

Rumus

(Klausa IF)	(Induk Kalimat)
If you heat water to 100 ’C,	it boils.

Atau

(Induk Kalimat)	(Klausa IF)
Water boils	if you heat it to 100 ’C,

Contoh:

• If you drop an apple, it falls. = An apple falls, if you drop it.
• If you don't do your homework, I will be disappointed. = I will be disappointed, if you don't do your homework.

Catatan: Pada tipe ini, “if” sering digantikan dengan "when"

Conditional I

Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan pengandaian yang dibuat berdasarkan fakta di masa sekarang atau masa yang akan datang dan pengandaian ini bisa saja terjadi. Klausa “if” biasanya dalam bentuk Present Simple Tense.

Rumus

(Klausa IF)	(Induk Kalimat)
If I see you tomorrow,	I will buy you a drink.

Atau

(Induk Kalimat)	(Klausa IF)
I will buy you a drink	if I see you tomorrow.

Kita sering menggunakan unless yang artinya 'jika... tidak’.

Rumus

(Klausa IF)	(Induk Kalimat)
Unless you hand in your homework,	I won't mark it.
Artinya
If you don't hand in your homework,	I won't mark it.

Atau

(Induk Kalimat)	(Klausa IF)
I won't mark your homework	unless you hand it in.
Artinya
I won't mark your homework	if you don't hand it in.

Catatan: Kita tidak pernah menggunakan will, atau won't dalam Klausa IF.

Contoh:

© If I have time today, I will phone my friend. = I will phone my friend, if I have time today.

© If I go to England, I will buy some Cheddar cheese. = I will buy some Cheddar cheese, if I go to England.

Conditional Tipe II

Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan situasi yang tidak nyata di masa sekarang atau masa yang akan datang. Tipe ini digunakan untuk mengekspresikan sebuah harapan. Tenses yang digunakan dalam klausa IF adalah Past Simple Tense.

Rumus

(Klausa IF)	(Induk Kalimat)
If I won the lottery,	I would buy a new house.

Atau

(Induk Kalimat)	(Klausa IF)
I would buy a new house	if I won the lottery.

Catatan: Jangan gunakan would atau wouldn't dalam Klausa IF.

Contoh:

© If I were you, I wouldn't do that. = I wouldn't do that, if I were you.

© If I had more time, I would do more on my websites. = I would do more on my websites, if I had more time.

Conditional Tipe III

Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan sebuah kondisi di masa yang lampau yang tidak mungkin akan terjadi lagi. Sering digunakan untuk mengkritik atau penyesalan. Tenses yang digunakan dalam Klausa IF adalah Past Perfect Tense.

Rumus

(Klausa IF)	(Induk Kalimat)
If I had worked harder,	I would have passed my exam.
If I had worked harder,	I could have passed my exam.
If I had worked harder,	I should have passed my exam.

Atau

(Induk Kalimat)	(Klausa IF)
I would have passed my exam	if I had worked harder.
I could have passed my exam	if I had worked harder.
I should have passed my exam	if I had worked harder.

Catatan: Jangan gunakan would have atau wouldn't have, dll dalam Klausa IF.

Contoh:

© If I hadn't helped you, you would have failed. = You would have failed, if I hadn't helped you.

© If it had been sunny, we could have gone out. = We could have gone out, if it had been.

Writing Conditional Sentence

1. If you had taken my advice, you could have a job.
2. I would have had less trouble if I heard your advice.
3. If anyone had asked me about it, I would have told the truth.
4. Our dog Saki would have barked if he had heard the strange noise.
5. If I had been in your place, I would accept Mr. Roy to offer.
6. Bill wouldn’t say anything if he didn’t have your permission.
7. If you had followed my instructions, you wouldn’t fail in your exam.
8. You wouldn’t have lost your money if you did have invest it.
9. If John have taken better care of his car, it would have saved his life.
10. We couldn’t have gone on our trip if we didn’t lost our money.
11. If you left only your house earlier, you don’t be late to come here.
12. I would have been much better if I have had drink my medichine.
13. If my watch hadn’t been five minutes slow, I wouldn’t come too late.
14. Thing would have been different, if you want to followed me.
15. If I had been born a century ago, I would to be a author like Anais Nin.

Using The Word Unless In Conditions

1. If you don’t leave immediately, I will call a policeman.
Unless you leave immediately, I will call a policeman.
2. Fred wouldn’t do that if he didn’t have your permission.
Fred wouldn’t do that unless he had your permission.
3. I won’t bother to call you if I dont hear from Mr. Brown.
I wont bother to call you unless I hear from Mr. Brown.
4. If you didn’t agree with him, Charles wouldn’t even suggest it.
Unless you agreed with him, Charles wouldn’t even suggest.
5. We can write to Mr. Suzuki if he doesn’t send us his address.
We can write to Mr. Suzuki unless he sending us his address.
6. If you don’t study harder, you’re going to fail the examination.
Unless you study harder, you’re going to fail the examination.
7. I wouldn’t have believed it if I hadn’t seen it with my own eyes.
I wouldn’t have believed it unless I had seen it with my own eyes.
8. If she doesn’t start the letter now, she’ll have to do it tomorrow.
Unless she start the letter now, she’ll have to do it tomorrow.
9. The lawyer wouldn’t say that if he didn’t have strong evidence.
The lawyet wouldn’t say that unless he had been strong evidence.
10. If you don’t invest you money wisely, you will lost all of it.
Unless you invest your money wisely, you will lost all of it.
11. won’t say anything if Smith doesn’t bring up the matter himself.
I won’t say anything unless Smith brought up the matter himself.
12. If no more guests come, there will be enough food for everyone.
Unless no more guests are coming, there will be enough food for everyone.
13. Our dog wouldn’t have barked if he hadn’t heard a strange noise.
Our dog wouldn’t have barked unless he had been heard strange noise.

Typical Cibeber Duck Satay

Typical Duck Satay Cibeber-Taman Sari, Regional Serang Serang and Cilegon is very famous for its milkfish satay and rice marrow. However, there is one more special food Cilegon and Serang, no less delicious, the duck satay. Satay is a typical food duck Cibeber, Cilegon, Banten. In this area there are few places duck satay seller, but the most "kick" it is a duck satay stall tent located in the Taman Sari, Serang, just de front of the Hotel Taman Sari. This shop is open from 5 pm and closed before 10 pm. Matter of taste, do not ask. The first time I went there about 3 years ago and it was making addiction. Although not located in Cibeber, Cilegon, place of origin of this satay, a matter of taste, actually beat the satay seller in the same type Cibeber own. For additional information, I once tried to eat satay and soup directly in Cibeber, at a shop that claims duck satay seller first, but went home disappointed because the place is rundown, satay dominant sweet, with a soup that tastes responsibility on the tongue. The menu is sold in this shop there are only two kinds of satay and duck soup. Satay had a taste of spicy-sweet-savory combined really fit on the tongue. When the like, can be eaten with tomato sauce, onion and chili mix plus soy sauce. Own sauce optional just because his own sense of satay TOP (read: Te-o-pe) and I think sometimes it obscures the original flavor sauce satay. Virulence think satay is supported by the duck meat is very tender and not fishy. Even some friends who are usually unwilling to eat meat because the duck was tough and fishy immediately fell in love first time eating at this stall. Satay it self can be chosen according to taste, you can choose any meat or meat offal mixed duck. As a complement to sate available duck soup, or rather duck bone soup. In my opinion, this soup is made from duck meat is used to make satay. Despite containing more bone, but the sense of clear soup is very tasty sauce. But unfortunately, delicious satay and duck soup is not supported by the fluffier rice. Rice provided here a little inflammation and hard. About the price, quite reasonable, per skewer around Rp. 700.00 and Rp. 4000.00 for a bowl of soup. Satay is not calculated per serving, but calculated based on the number of ordered sate. Duck satay stall is actually quite broad because it occupies two lots and is able to accommodate about 30 people were visitors, but at that hour dinner you must be willing to queue to get a place. One more thing, when eating in this place you have to prepare some coins coins because at least there are about seven singers that entertain while you are eating satay. Okay, good luck!

Sumber: www.detikFood.com

Baduy Tribal Culture In Banten Province

Banten province has a traditional society which still adhere to traditional customs of the tribe who lived in the Village Baduy Kanekes LEUWIDAMAR Lebak District. Baduy community settlements in general are located in regions.

Baduy or referred also to the community Kanekes is the name of a group of indigenous Sundanese in Banten. Bedouin tribes living in the hinterland of West Java, the last village that can be reached by vehicle was Ciboleger VILLAGE (West Java). From this village we are only able to enter the tribal region Baduy outside. But before we go kewilayah Baduy tribe we had to report first with customary leaders who called Jaro. Community Kanekes generally divided into three groups: tangtu, panamping, and dangka.

1. Group tangtu (Baduy in).

In the Bedouin tribes living in the jungle and still isolated and have not entered the culture luar.selain Baduy people in the most obedient to all the provisions and rules set by Pu'un (the custom). Bedouin people in living in 3 villages, namely Cibeo, Cikartawana, and Cikeusik. Typical Bedouin man is dressed in white, natural and dark blue and wearing a white headband and a machete. Their clothes were not collared and buttoned, they also do not bare feet. Meraka go anywhere just walking barefoot and never carry cash. they do not know the school, the letters that they know is the alphabet Hanacara and Sundanese language. They must not use equipment or facilities from the outside. So can imagine their life without using power, money, and they do not know the schoolboy. One example of means by which they make without the assistance of external equipment is the Bamboo Bridge. They create a bridge without using nails, to fasten the bamboo sticks they use fibers, and to shore up the foundation of the bridge used large trees growing on the riverbank.

2. Community groups panamping (Baduy Outer)

They live in the village Cikadu, Kaduketuk, Kadukolot, Gajeboh, Cisagu, which surrounds the region in Baduy. Outer Baduy distinctively dressed and black headband. Incredibly Bedouin tribes have mixed with many other Sundanese communities. besides that they also are familiar with foreign cultures, such as school.

3. Group Baduy Dangka,

they live outside the area Kanekes, and currently lives in the remaining two villages, namely Padawaras (Cibengkung) and Sirahdayeuh (Cihandam). Kampung Dangka functions as a kind of buffer zone on outside influences.

Baduy livelihoods, most importantly, cultivating rice farming and gardening and making crafts Koja or bag of bark, palm sugar processing, weaving and a small portion have been familiar with trade.

Trust adopted Kanekes society is Sundanese Wiwitan.didalam Baduy in, There is such a provision is not written that race descendants of Mongoloid, Negroid and Kaukasoid must not enter the territory of the Bedouin. If any provision of this custom in the mosque it will be subject to sap called kuwalat or pamali is Baduy own.

The core of the confidence shown by the existence of absolute pikukuh or customary provisions adopted in everyday lives of people Kanekes. The most important contents of the 'pikukuh' (compliance) Kanekes is the concept of "without any changes, or changes in as little as possible:

“Lojor heunteu beunang dipotong, pèndèk heunteu beunang disambung”

(Length can not / should not be cut, the short can not / should not be connected)

Bedouin tribes have their own governance by tribal leaders as their leaders called Puun of three people. Implementation of customs administration kepuunan implemented by Jaro is divided into 4 positions each Jaro has the functions and duties of each. Namely tangtu Jaro, Jaro dangka, Jaro dependents, and Jaro pamarentah. Jaro tangtu responsible for the implementation of customary law on citizens tangtu and various other affairs. Jaro dangka duty to maintain, administer, and maintain a deposit of ancestral land that exist within and outside Kanekes. Jaro dangka of 9 people, which when added to the 3 people called Jaro Jaro tangtu twelve. Chairman of twelve Jaro Jaro is known as a dependent. The Jaro pamarentah customarily served as a liaison between indigenous Kanekes with national governments, which in their duties aided by pangiwa, torn, and kokolot overtime or village elders.

Law in Society within the Bedouin

Penalty adjusted for categories of violations, which consists of serious violations and minor offenses. Mild punishment is usually in the form of rule by calling sipelanggar Pu'un to be given a warning. Which belong to the type of minor offenses, among others bicker or argue-mouth between two or more people Baduy.

Heavy penalty for those who commit gross. Offenders who receive penalty is invoked by the local Jaro and given a warning. In addition to their severe warning, siterhukum also be incorporated into a correctional institution (LP) or a custom home detention for 40 days. Also, if virtually free will be asked again whether he still wants to be Bedouin in or going out and being a citizen of Foreign Bedouin in front of Pu'un and Jaro. Outer Baduy more lenient in applying the customary rules and regulations Bedouin.

Interestingly, whose name here is a heavy penalty if there is someone people to spend a drop of blood is considered heavy. Adulterers and people dressed city.

Many of the prohibitions set forth in Bedouin customary law, which are not allowed to attend school, banned from keeping cattle quadrupeds, not justified by increased vehicle travel, are prohibited from using electronic equipment, appliances and luxury more than one wife.

In terms of dress, there is difference in the rate Baduy in dressing that is based on gender and level of adherence to the customary course, the Bedouin and Bedouin Luar.Untuk In Baduy In the men wear long sleeves called a diadem sangsang, The pieces do not wear collars, do not wear buttons and do not wear pocket. The color of their clothing umunnya is all in white.

For the bottom use the same cloth gloves blue-black color, which just wrapped at the waist. Also at the head of the tribe Baduy using white headbands. for Outer Baduy, clothing they wear is black clothes shucks. Tie the head is also dark blue with batik patterns. Seen from the color, model or style clothing Outer Baduy, shows that their lives are influenced by outside cultures. Meanwhile, to wear clothes that among Bedouin women in and Outer Baduy not too revealing a striking difference. They wear a kind of sheath blackish blue color of the heel to the chest. For women who are married, usually left his chest open freely, while for girls of her breasts should be enclosed.

In the process of wedding couples who will marry are always paired and there is no such thing as dating. The old man will stay in touch to the parents of women and introduce their two children each.

After getting a deal, then proceed with the process of applying 3 times. Stage One, the old men must report to the Jaro (village head) with a betel leaf, betel nut and gambier taste. The second phase, in addition to carrying betel, areca nut, and gambier, applying this time equipped with a ring made of steel and white as her dowry. The third stage, preparing the means of household goods, clothes and seserahan marriage to the woman. Uniquely, in traditional terms, people do not recognize Bedouin polygamy and divorce. They are only allowed to remarry if one of them has died.

Sumber: Google.com